![]() ![]() ![]() Managers need to recognize this reality to find ways to direct change towards novel ecosystems with desirable features, including native species. Although these new ecosystems have many attributes of the ecosystems they replaced, such as native species, they typically contain many new interactions among species. They typically support novel ecosystems, defined as ecosystems dominated by new combinations of organisms in highly altered habitats. Temporary streams in California and other Mediterranean climate areas are among the aquatic habitats most altered by human actions and by invasions by alien species. Our findings indicate that any such TH2 program should proceed with extreme caution. Two-way trap and haul is proposed as a high-priority recovery strategy for Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha populations in California. Two-way trap and haul programs should (1) clearly define measurable and objective success metrics, such as the 10 we provide (2) proceed experimentally under an adaptive management framework to determine risk–benefit trade-offs and (3) be part of comprehensive conservation strategies that consider the entire life cycle of each species. Our review indicates that uncertainties associated with TH2 programs exist and include delayed effects from transportation, maintenance of above-dam populations, out-migrant capture efficiency, and the role of hatchery supplementation. Despite recent technological advances, no TH2 program is an unequivocal success. Usually, juveniles or adults are moved in one direction, but there is growing interest in two-way trap and haul (TH2), where both adults and out-migrating juveniles are captured and transported over dams. Trapping fish and moving them around dams (trap and haul) is a common strategy to manage Pacific coast salmonids. In 1995 our company was recognized by the Australian government with an Export Achievement award and in 2000 we were accepted into the NSW government’s Australian Technology Showcase as a company with new & innovative products.Dams are ubiquitous in the United States and have disconnected migratory fishes from important historical habitat. With our extensive experience we provide not only advice on the use of our systems in various applications but also offer full installation services.Īs a strong proponent in the use of polymer materials in pressure applications we are obviously aware of our responsibilities under the “Occupational Health & Safety Act” and ensure that all of our products meet strict quality assurance controls and can satisfy all relevant performance standards. We are located in the outskirts of Sydney where we produce our systems combining “State of the Art” equipment with advanced polymers. Since 1989 we have installed over 18,000 systems throughout Australia, New Zealand and many parts of S.E. Our products are marketed under the Pro-Pipe II™ brand and are designed for use in pressure applications under demanding conditions. ![]() Our pipes are Colour Identifiable to Australian Standards AS1345-1995 also to ISO 14726-1. Strive to produce innovative products that can deliverĬlass leading performance at cost effective levels"Ĭalalba Pty Ltd is the manufacturer of Calair Pipe System products. Company Profile "Through Continual Research and Development we will
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